Sea anemone can tell helpful bacteria from harmful ones, scientists find

Organization: TOI WORLD DESK

Location: Global

Source: TOI WORLD DESK

Sea anemones distinguish helpful bacteria from harmful invaders without antibodies. Specialized cell structures engulf and destroy foreign bacteria while preserving beneficial microbes. Gene editing revealed a key gene regulating this selective bacterial identification process. This discovery challenges long-held assumptions about early animal immune system evolution. These primitive pathways offer insights into ancient immune memory and maternal transfer.

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